Terms of Use of this Publication
The European PPP Expertise Centre (EPEC) is part of the Advisory Services of the European Investment Bank (EIB). It is an initiative that also involves the European Commission, Member States of the EU, Candidate States and certain other States. For more information about EPEC and its membership, please visit www.eib.org/epec.
The findings, analyses, interpretations and conclusions contained in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the EIB or any other EPEC member. No EPEC member, including the EIB, accepts any responsibility for the accuracy of the information contained in this publication or any liability for any consequences arising from its use. Reliance on the information provided in this publication is therefore at the sole risk of the user.
EPEC authorises the users of this publication to access, download, display, reproduce and print its content subject to the following conditions: (i) when using the content of this document, users should attribute the source of the material and (ii) under no circumstances should there be commercial exploitation of this document or its content.
Purpose and Methodology
This report is part of EPEC’s work on monitoring developments in the public-private partnership (PPP) market. It is intended to provide an overview of the role played by the EIB in financing PPP projects inside and outside of Europe since 1990.
This report covers a wide range of PPP transactions (e.g. design-build-finance-operate. design-build-finance-maintain, concession arrangements which feature a construction element, the provision of a public service and risk sharing between the public and private sector), regardless of the type of financing provided by the EIB (e.g. project finance, sovereign lending). Portfolio loans to small PPP projects and investments in equity PPP funds are not listed in this report.
The term “amount” represents the lending commitment of the EIB at the date of signature of the main loan contract. In some cases, this amount is the aggregate of a series of loan contracts for the same project. The commitment amounts may differ from the actual amounts disbursed. EPEC continues to review project data and update historic information on an ongoing basis and incorporates any identified changes in this annual update.
Project data contained in this publication may be subject to future revisions due to the late availability of information or corrections to previously reported values.
2021-2020
2021
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
AUSTRIA |
Education |
43 |
|
BULGARIA |
Transport |
40 |
|
GERMANY |
Transport |
87 |
|
GERMANY |
Transport |
92 |
|
ITALY |
Transport |
544 |
|
LATVIA |
Transport |
61 |
|
POLAND |
Environment |
44 |
|
UZBEKISTAN |
Energy |
44 |
[1] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[2] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[3] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
2020
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
FINLAND |
Education |
60 |
|
GERMANY |
Transport |
264 |
|
GERMANY |
Transport |
400 |
|
ISRAEL |
Environment |
150 |
[4] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[5] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[6] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
- Next
2019-2010
2019
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
AUSTRIA |
Education |
47 |
|
BELGIUM |
Tram de Liège [7] |
Transport |
193 |
GERMANY |
Transport |
169 |
|
GREECE |
Transport |
180 |
|
IRELAND |
Housing & Community Services |
61 |
|
NETHERLANDS |
A9 Amsterdam [10] |
Transport |
349 |
SENEGAL |
Energy |
13 |
[7] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[8] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[9] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[10] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
2018
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
CAMEROON |
Energy |
50 |
|
FRANCE |
Transport |
229 |
|
GERMANY |
Transport |
258 |
|
IRELAND |
Education |
110 |
|
JORDAN |
Environment |
30 |
|
MEXICO |
Energy |
73 |
|
NETHERLANDS |
Blankenburg Tunnel [13] |
Transport |
328 |
NETHERLANDS |
Flood Defence [14] |
Environment |
326 |
ZAMBIA |
Energy |
10 |
[11] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[12] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[13] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[14] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
2017
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
AUSTRIA |
Education |
22 |
|
FRANCE |
Telecommunications |
185 |
|
GERMANY |
Transport |
213 |
|
GREECE |
Transport |
280 |
|
ITALY |
Transport |
68 |
|
MONGOLIA |
Energy |
40 |
|
TURKEY |
Healthcare |
150 |
[15] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[16] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[17] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[18] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
2016
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
FRANCE |
Alsace Broadband [19] |
Telecommunications |
63 |
GERMANY |
Transport |
299 |
|
Transport |
158 |
||
IRELAND |
Transport |
22 |
|
Primary Care Bundle [22] |
Healthcare |
70 |
|
NETHERLANDS |
A6 Almere Motorway [23] |
Transport |
79 |
SLOVAKIA |
D4/R7 Motorway [24] |
Transport |
427 |
TURKEY |
Healthcare |
120 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Education |
72 |
[19] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[20] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[21] The project is supported by the EIB/EC Project Bond Initiative
[22] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[23] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
[24] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
2015
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
FINLAND |
Transport |
102 |
|
FRANCE |
Calais Port [25] |
Transport |
50 |
GREECE |
Environment |
13 |
|
IRELAND |
Transport |
109 |
|
ISRAEL |
Energy |
141 |
|
NETHERLANDS |
Transport |
163 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Healthcare |
155 |
|
Edinburgh Hospital for Sick Children and Clinical Neurosciences |
Healthcare |
112 |
|
Healthcare |
148 |
||
Healthcare |
65 |
||
Education |
65 |
||
Priority Schools Building Programme - Hertfordshire, Luton and Reading |
Education |
88 |
|
Priority Schools Building Programme - North West |
Education |
69 |
|
Priority Schools Building Programme - Midlands |
Education |
88 |
[25] The project is supported by the EIB/EC Project Bond Initiative
[26] The project is supported by the European Fund for Strategic Investments
2014
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
AUSTRIA |
Transport |
29 |
|
BELGIUM |
Transport |
260 |
|
GERMANY |
Transport |
157 |
|
Healthcare |
400 |
||
GREECE |
Education |
36 |
|
IRELAND |
Transport |
143 |
|
ITALY |
Transport |
300 |
|
Transport |
700 |
||
NETHERLANDS |
Transport |
201 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
340 |
|
Transport |
283 |
||
Transport |
212 |
||
Environment |
196 |
[27] The project is supported by the EIB/EC Project Bond Initiative
[28] The project is supported by the EIB/EC Project Bond Initiative
2013
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
CROATIA |
Transport |
80 |
|
FRANCE |
Transport |
155 |
|
GERMANY |
Healthcare |
49 |
|
IRELAND |
Transport |
72 |
|
ITALY |
Transport |
700 |
|
JORDAN |
Energy |
53 |
|
NETHERLANDS |
Transport |
256 |
|
SPAIN |
Transport |
96 |
|
Healthcare |
180 |
||
UNITED KINGDOM |
Healthcare |
63 |
|
Education |
95 |
||
Healthcare |
108 |
||
Transport |
498 |
2012
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
CAMEROON |
Energy |
30 |
|
FRANCE |
Transport |
306 |
|
IRELAND |
Education |
50 |
|
SOUTH AFRICA |
Energy |
50 |
|
SPAIN |
Madrid-Alicante High Speed Train Signalling and Telecommunications |
Transport |
78 |
TURKEY |
Transport |
270 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
291 |
2011
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
FINLAND |
Transport |
134 |
|
FRANCE |
Transport |
638 |
|
Transport |
1186 |
||
Transport |
184 |
||
GERMANY |
Transport |
209 |
|
ISRAEL |
Environment |
142 |
|
ISRAEL |
Environment |
120 |
|
JAMAICA |
Transport |
39 |
|
SPAIN |
Environment |
195 |
|
Transport |
130 |
||
Healthcare |
128 |
||
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
129 |
[29] The project is supported by the loan guarantee instrument for Trans-European Network Transport projects (LGTT)
[30] The project is supported by the loan guarantee instrument for Trans-European Network Transport projects (LGTT)
2010
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
CAPE VERDE |
Energy |
30 |
|
FRANCE |
Transport |
280 |
|
IRELAND |
Education |
45 |
|
NETHERLANDS |
Transport |
140 |
|
Transport |
74 |
||
POLAND |
Transport |
225 |
|
PORTUGAL |
Transport |
345 |
|
SPAIN |
Transport |
175 |
|
Transport |
300 |
||
Transport |
400 |
||
Transport |
188 |
||
SWEDEN |
Healthcare |
699 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Healthcare |
287 |
[31] The project is supported by the loan guarantee instrument for Trans-European Network Transport projects (LGTT)
2009-2000
2009
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC |
Transport |
30 |
|
GERMANY |
A5 Motorway Widening [32] |
Transport |
225 |
GREECE |
Public order and safety |
9 |
|
JORDAN |
Environment |
166 |
|
PORTUGAL |
Healthcare |
65 |
|
Transport |
225 |
||
SPAIN |
Healthcare |
130 |
|
TUNISIA |
Transport |
70 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Education |
243 |
|
Healthcare |
137 |
||
Transport |
448 |
||
Environment |
195 |
||
Transport |
158 |
[32] The project is supported by the loan guarantee instrument for Trans-European Network Transport projects (LGTT)
[33] The project is supported by the loan guarantee instrument for Trans-European Network Transport projects (LGTT)
2008
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
BELGIUM |
Transport |
313 |
|
FRANCE |
Transport |
108 |
|
Transport |
103 |
||
Transport |
200 |
||
GREECE |
Transport |
200 |
|
HUNGARY |
Transport |
200 |
|
ITALY |
Transport |
80 |
|
Environment |
273 |
||
MOROCCO |
Transport |
40 |
|
NETHERLANDS |
Transport |
194 |
|
POLAND |
Transport |
575 |
|
PORTUGAL |
Transport |
289 |
|
Transport |
200 |
||
Transport |
350 |
||
SPAIN |
Transport |
211 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Education |
79 |
[34] The project is supported by the loan guarantee instrument for Trans-European Network Transport projects (LGTT)
2007
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
FRANCE |
Transport |
143 |
|
GERMANY |
Transport |
89 |
|
GREECE |
Transport |
150 |
|
IRELAND |
Transport |
120 |
|
Transport |
116 |
||
Transport |
70 |
||
ISRAEL |
Environment |
120 |
|
PORTUGAL |
Transport |
180 |
|
Transport |
105 |
||
SPAIN |
Transport |
306 |
|
UGANDA |
Energy |
92 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
169 |
|
Education |
79 |
||
Healthcare |
221 |
||
Healthcare |
227 |
||
Healthcare |
190 |
2006
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
AUSTRIA |
Transport |
350 |
|
BELGIUM |
Environment |
96 |
|
GHANA |
Energy |
75 |
|
IRELAND |
Transport |
98 |
|
Transport |
75 |
||
NORWAY |
Transport |
198 |
|
SPAIN |
Transport |
26 |
|
Transport |
46 |
||
Transport |
325 |
||
UNITED KINGDOM |
Environment |
120 |
|
Healthcare |
365 |
||
Healthcare |
218 |
||
Environment |
85 |
||
Healthcare |
359 |
||
Education |
88 |
||
Transport |
90 |
2005
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
FINLAND |
Transport |
153 |
|
HUNGARY |
Transport |
200 |
|
ITALY |
Healthcare |
70 |
|
POLAND |
Transport |
500 |
|
SPAIN |
Transport |
54 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Education |
81 |
|
Education |
103 |
||
Transport |
148 |
||
Healthcare |
167 |
2004
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
AUSTRIA |
Transport |
48 |
|
IRELAND |
Transport |
65 |
|
Transport |
65 |
||
ITALY |
Environment |
44 |
|
NETHERLANDS |
Transport |
25 |
|
NORWAY |
Transport |
75 |
|
PORTUGAL |
Transport |
264 |
|
SPAIN |
Transport |
143 |
|
Transport |
260 |
||
UNITED KINGDOM |
Healthcare |
251 |
|
Education |
35 |
||
Healthcare |
142 |
2003
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
AUSTRIA |
Transport |
40 |
|
IRELAND |
Transport |
103 |
|
Education |
29 |
||
Education |
38 |
||
NETHERLANDS |
Environment |
125 |
|
SPAIN |
Transport |
300 |
|
Transport |
125 |
||
Transport |
360 |
||
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
167 |
|
Healthcare |
72 |
||
Education |
70 |
||
Transport |
880 |
2002
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
GERMANY |
Transport |
105 |
|
PORTUGAL |
Transport |
300 |
|
SPAIN |
Transport |
120 |
|
Transport |
175 |
||
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
470 |
|
Energy |
71 |
2001
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
||
GERMANY |
Transport |
80 |
|||
NETHERLANDS |
Transport |
400 |
|||
PORTUGAL |
Transport |
130 |
|||
Transport |
470 |
||||
SOUTH AFRICA |
Transport |
50 |
|||
SPAIN |
Transport |
136 |
|||
Transport |
42 |
||||
Transport |
100 |
||||
UNITED KINGDOM |
Education |
59 |
|||
Education |
40 |
||||
Healthcare |
113 |
2000
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
GREECE |
Transport |
370 |
|
POLAND |
Transport |
275 |
|
PORTUGAL |
Transport |
324 |
|
Transport |
190 |
||
SPAIN |
Transport |
149 |
|
Transport |
13 |
||
UNITED KINGDOM |
Education |
166 |
|
Education |
46 |
||
Transport |
150 |
1999-1990
1999
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
CHINA |
Environment |
25 |
|
GERMANY |
Transport |
98 |
|
Transport |
173 |
||
PORTUGAL |
Transport |
450 |
|
SCUT Beira Interior [35] |
Transport |
404 |
|
Environment |
80 |
||
SOUTH AFRICA |
Transport |
45 |
[35] This financing comprises an ex European Investment Fund guarantee for a European Investment Bank loan for an amount of €45.3 million
1998
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
MOROCCO |
Energy |
20 |
|
PORTUGAL |
Leira Motorway [36] |
Transport |
240 |
UNITED KINGDOM |
Education |
56 |
|
Transport |
290 |
||
Transport |
172 |
||
Transport |
81 |
[36] This financing comprises an ex European Investment Fund guarantee for a European Investment Bank loan for an amount of €30.9 million
1997
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
DENMARK |
Transport |
1088 |
|
GERMANY |
Transport |
355 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
122 |
1996
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
DENMARK |
Transport |
1069 |
|
GREECE |
Transport |
1027 |
|
Transport |
999 |
||
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
119 |
|
UK Roads [37] |
Transport |
297 |
[37] This financing comprises an ex European Investment Fund guarantee for a European Investment Bank loan for an amount of €60.2 million
1995
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
DENMARK |
Transport |
677 |
|
PORTUGAL |
Transport |
306 |
1994
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
DENMARK |
Transport |
784 |
1993
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
DENMARK |
Transport |
398 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
17 |
1993
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
DENMARK |
Transport |
398 |
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
17 |
1992
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
UNITED KINGDOM |
Transport |
176 |
1990
Country |
PPP Project |
Sector |
Amount (EUR million) |
DENMARK |
Transport |
246 |
PPPs financed by the European Investment Bank from 1990 to 2021
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